Research & Development

We don't aim to eliminate conflict, but to design institutions and spaces where 'productive conflict' can occur. Transforming antagonistic relationships into agonistic ones is the essence of democracy in a pluralistic society.

Core Research Areas

Plural Reality conducts foundational research that brings the latest technologies to bear on enduring questions. Our work spans fields from AI agents and HCI to voting theory.

Institutions01

Decentralized Web and Governance

Large-scale experiments in political institutions and behavior using decentralized autonomous organizations. Building transparent, tamper-proof voting and consensus systems using blockchain technology.

Research Themes
  • Institutional design experiments with DAOs
  • Quadratic voting implementation
  • Retroactive public goods funding design
Operations02

Deliberative Democracy

Redesigning deliberative democracy and governance structures. Moving beyond 'friend or foe' binary opposition to practice agonistic democracy for managing complex interests.

Research Themes
  • Mini-publics institutional design
  • Agonistic democracy in practice
  • Credible neutrality
Technology03

Human-Computer Interaction and AI Agents

Research at the intersection of HCI and AI. Studying consensus-building processes through human-AI dialogue, including 'conclusion-manipulating AI prototypes' and 'AI interviewers.'

Research Themes
  • AI-mediated communication
  • Issue structuring with large language models
  • Cybernetic interfaces

Research Articles

Making Implementation Visible After Citizens' Deliberations
Citizens' DeliberationCore Area: Deliberative Democracy2026.08.10

Making Implementation Visible After Citizens' Deliberations

Drawing on a visit to Tajimi's randomly selected citizens' deliberation to examine citizen-led operations, connections to government, minority perspectives, and tracking implementation after recommendations.

Creating Two-Way Science Communication with Interactive AI and Broad Listening
Science CommunicationCore Area: Human-Computer Interaction and AI Agents2026.03.31

Creating Two-Way Science Communication with Interactive AI and Broad Listening

Studying two-way science communication by collecting and visualizing public interests through conversations with a researcher's AI clone, then sharing the findings with researchers.

Tracing Deliberation Support from DD2030 to Community Assemblies and Plural Reality
Practice-Based ResearchCore Area: Human-Computer Interaction and AI Agents2026.02.15

Tracing Deliberation Support from DD2030 to Community Assemblies and Plural Reality

Tracing deliberation support from DD2030's Idobata development through community assemblies to Plural Reality's Cartographer.

Considering Futarchy: Using Prediction Markets for Policy
Institutional DesignCore Area: Decentralized Web and Governance2025.08.11

Considering Futarchy: Using Prediction Markets for Policy

Explaining how Futarchy incorporates prediction markets into policy decisions, along with its benefits and implementation challenges.

Testing the Possibilities and Limits of Information Aggregation in an Election Prediction Market
Prediction MarketsCore Area: Decentralized Web and Governance2025.07.23

Testing the Possibilities and Limits of Information Aggregation in an Election Prediction Market

Using Team Mirai's election outcome to examine price formation, liquidity, and the oracle problem in prediction markets.

Testing the Social Adoption of Mechanisms That Support Plurality
Plurality MechanismsCore Area: Decentralized Web and Governance2025.05.01

Testing the Social Adoption of Mechanisms That Support Plurality

Comparing governance technologies aligned with Plurality by their stage of implementation and potential for wider adoption.

Exploring Collusion Resistance Through DIGSHIBUYA's Donation Network
GovernanceCore Area: Decentralized Web and Governance2025.02.28

Exploring Collusion Resistance Through DIGSHIBUYA's Donation Network

Visualizing DIGSHIBUYA donation data to explore funding mechanisms that better resist Sybil attacks and collusion.

Augmenting Human Dialogue with Adaptive AI Agents
Human-Computer InteractionCore Area: Human-Computer Interaction and AI Agents2025.02.25

Augmenting Human Dialogue with Adaptive AI Agents

Presenting a communication model and prototype text chat in which paired AI agents dynamically shape messages between two people. An arXiv preprint.

Understanding vTaiwan's Ideals and Challenges Through Field Research
Deliberation DesignCore Area: Deliberative Democracy2025.02.19

Understanding vTaiwan's Ideals and Challenges Through Field Research

Using field research in Taiwan to examine vTaiwan's participation pathways, in-person facilitation, and links to institutions.

Testing Quadratic Funding Through the DigDAO Experiment
Participatory BudgetsCore Area: Decentralized Web and Governance2024.07.30

Testing Quadratic Funding Through the DigDAO Experiment

Examining the results and challenges of participatory funding through QF, based on donation data from 110 people across 18 DigDAO projects.

Plurality
Book

Plurality

A book that envisions the future of collaborative technology and democracy that transforms conflict into creation. Crossing academic, policy, and field knowledge, it explains the principles and practices for implementing Plurality.